723 lines
102 KiB
Plaintext
723 lines
102 KiB
Plaintext
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!<arch>
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getrandom-4334a118770dce05.getrandom.1c63955e22ef6b24-cgu.0.rcgu.o/
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lib.rmeta/ 0 0 0 644 86256 `
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ELF · pO @ @ GNU À rust
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éL #rustc 1.96.0 (ac68faa20 2026-05-25)ÁíàÄTËŸ ÜJîÄ)'ß\¥! -3d1337db07d0b3aeÁ cfg_ifÁ·ª¦âÎ/½Jé�> < -14ebec7a05e03631Á ¤°ð ¾ä-±($²ï=©Ã -7e98a21bfd32b0edÁÀ뉊 ]!ÜÛê(¹Þ—šên -5be7b69c3ff7b5b8Á ¤²XctÔ'ÐÓ©z¨É½Ó -a4945860e1c53b00Á –�òÖÀH•‘P IÓHã#£ -055f30b747f859b6Á rustc_std_workspace_coreÁCçß^ò½èÝ$Çÿ+Cé -c4878ee60b2242c9Á ŸÃï+Ñ]ŠqB<ÏïW# -8dd1dd90e70d0b6aÁ miniz_oxideÁ€š»J(P>àö÷g\K -1eb618da2918ab7fÁ adler2ÁÆ;+Þ®5¥ÌýÝ°¦ÛLˆ -f7919172d268e069Á hashbrownÁPäV9ÒÆèÜ�"ÊÖVŽ\ -0fc2184a5da6723aÁ rustc_std_workspace_allocÁs&ØòØy¯s•bæ!‰ýŠ -97e4bf30be240674Á
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|||
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† ¹• Á è( É Ç %˜> Æ™ Äè – $Ç •¢˜¢ ™¢l š¢ˆ ›¢ œ¢[�¢ˆ e0<#˜ä"� e Ï « ä" ‚ ç‹ È â ½ ¨ ¹ Pä" h½ z ¹ * þ åŽ î ¾?
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|
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|
* � 7 üÝ @ ‚« ”í ‡ÄO „¡ } ~ # ¹ . ° 5 < ,4567í _4½ ¥\Õ ÑÛ �,Ë } 3ü9ä ü9, ) [`Error::UNEXPECTED`]: Error::UNEXPECTEDÁ üf [`fill_uninit`]: fill_uninitÁ ø ý“ü®& ý“# getrandom: system's random number generator
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[![Build Status]][GitHub Actions]
|
|||
|
|
[![Crate]][crates.io]
|
|||
|
|
[![Documentation]][docs.rs]
|
|||
|
|
[![Dependency Status]][deps.rs]
|
|||
|
|
[![Downloads]][crates.io]
|
|||
|
|
[![License]][LICENSE-MIT]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`getrandom` is a Rust library for retrieving random data from (operating) system sources.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
It is assumed that the system always provides high-quality, cryptographically secure random
|
|||
|
|
data, ideally backed by hardware entropy sources. This crate derives its name from
|
|||
|
|
the Linux `getrandom` syscall but is cross-platform, roughly supporting the same set
|
|||
|
|
of platforms as Rust's `std` library.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This is a low-level API. Most users should prefer using a higher-level random-number
|
|||
|
|
library like [`rand`].
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[`rand`]: https://crates.io/crates/rand
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Usage
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Add the `getrandom` dependency to your `Cargo.toml` file:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```toml
|
|||
|
|
[dependencies]
|
|||
|
|
getrandom = "0.3"
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Then invoke the `fill` function on a byte buffer to fill it with random data:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```rust
|
|||
|
|
fn get_random_u128() -> Result<u128, getrandom::Error> {
|
|||
|
|
let mut buf = [0u8; 16];
|
|||
|
|
getrandom::fill(&mut buf)?;
|
|||
|
|
Ok(u128::from_ne_bytes(buf))
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Supported targets
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| Target | Target Triple | Implementation
|
|||
|
|
| ------------------ | ------------------ | --------------
|
|||
|
|
| Linux, Android | `*‑linux‑*` | [`getrandom`][1] system call if available, otherwise [`/dev/urandom`][2] after successfully polling `/dev/random`
|
|||
|
|
| Windows 10+ | `*‑windows‑*` | [`ProcessPrng`] on Rust 1.78+, [`RtlGenRandom`] otherwise
|
|||
|
|
| Windows 7, 8 | `*-win7‑windows‑*` | [`RtlGenRandom`]
|
|||
|
|
| macOS | `*‑apple‑darwin` | [`getentropy`][3]
|
|||
|
|
| iOS, tvOS, watchOS | `*‑apple‑{ios,tvos,watchos}` | [`CCRandomGenerateBytes`]
|
|||
|
|
| FreeBSD | `*‑freebsd` | [`getrandom`][5]
|
|||
|
|
| OpenBSD | `*‑openbsd` | [`getentropy`][7]
|
|||
|
|
| NetBSD | `*‑netbsd` | [`getrandom`][16] if available, otherwise [`kern.arandom`][8]
|
|||
|
|
| Dragonfly BSD | `*‑dragonfly` | [`getrandom`][9]
|
|||
|
|
| Solaris | `*‑solaris` | [`getrandom`][11] with `GRND_RANDOM`
|
|||
|
|
| illumos | `*‑illumos` | [`getrandom`][12]
|
|||
|
|
| Fuchsia OS | `*‑fuchsia` | [`cprng_draw`]
|
|||
|
|
| Redox | `*‑redox` | `/dev/urandom`
|
|||
|
|
| Haiku | `*‑haiku` | `/dev/urandom` (identical to `/dev/random`)
|
|||
|
|
| Hermit | `*-hermit` | [`sys_read_entropy`]
|
|||
|
|
| Hurd | `*-hurd-*` | [`getrandom`][17]
|
|||
|
|
| SGX | `x86_64‑*‑sgx` | [`RDRAND`]
|
|||
|
|
| VxWorks | `*‑wrs‑vxworks‑*` | `randABytes` after checking entropy pool initialization with `randSecure`
|
|||
|
|
| Emscripten | `*‑emscripten` | [`getentropy`][13]
|
|||
|
|
| WASI 0.1 | `wasm32‑wasip1` | [`random_get`]
|
|||
|
|
| WASI 0.2 | `wasm32‑wasip2` | [`get-random-u64`]
|
|||
|
|
| SOLID | `*-kmc-solid_*` | `SOLID_RNG_SampleRandomBytes`
|
|||
|
|
| Nintendo 3DS | `*-nintendo-3ds` | [`getrandom`][18]
|
|||
|
|
| ESP-IDF | `*‑espidf` | [`esp_fill_random`] WARNING: see "Early Boot" section below
|
|||
|
|
| PS Vita | `*-vita-*` | [`getentropy`][19]
|
|||
|
|
| QNX Neutrino | `*‑nto-qnx*` | [`/dev/urandom`][14] (identical to `/dev/random`)
|
|||
|
|
| AIX | `*-ibm-aix` | [`/dev/urandom`][15]
|
|||
|
|
| Cygwin | `*-cygwin` | [`getrandom`][20] (based on [`RtlGenRandom`])
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Pull Requests that add support for new targets to `getrandom` are always welcome.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Opt-in backends
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`getrandom` also provides optional (opt-in) backends, which allow users to customize the source
|
|||
|
|
of randomness based on their specific needs:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| Backend name | Target | Target Triple | Implementation
|
|||
|
|
| ----------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ | --------------
|
|||
|
|
| `linux_getrandom` | Linux, Android | `*‑linux‑*` | [`getrandom`][1] system call (without `/dev/urandom` fallback). Bumps minimum supported Linux kernel version to 3.17 and Android API level to 23 (Marshmallow).
|
|||
|
|
| `linux_raw` | Linux, Android | `*‑linux‑*` | Same as `linux_getrandom`, but uses raw `asm!`-based syscalls instead of `libc`.
|
|||
|
|
| `rdrand` | x86, x86-64 | `x86_64-*`, `i686-*` | [`RDRAND`] instruction
|
|||
|
|
| `rndr` | AArch64 | `aarch64-*` | [`RNDR`] register
|
|||
|
|
| `wasm_js` | Web Browser, Node.js | `wasm32‑unknown‑unknown`, `wasm32v1-none` | [`Crypto.getRandomValues`]. Enabled by the `wasm_js` feature ([see below](#webassembly-support)).
|
|||
|
|
| `efi_rng` | UEFI | `*-unknown‑uefi` | [`EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL`] with `EFI_RNG_ALGORITHM_RAW` (requires `std` and Nightly compiler)
|
|||
|
|
| `windows_legacy` | Windows | `*-windows-*` | [`RtlGenRandom`]
|
|||
|
|
| `custom` | All targets | `*` | User-provided custom implementation (see [custom backend])
|
|||
|
|
| `unsupported` | All targets | `*` | Always returns `Err(Error::UNSUPPORTED)` (see [unsupported backend])
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Opt-in backends can be enabled using the `getrandom_backend` configuration flag.
|
|||
|
|
The flag can be set either by specifying the `rustflags` field in [`.cargo/config.toml`]:
|
|||
|
|
```toml
|
|||
|
|
# It's recommended to set the flag on a per-target basis:
|
|||
|
|
[target.wasm32-unknown-unknown]
|
|||
|
|
rustflags = ['--cfg', 'getrandom_backend="wasm_js"']
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Or by using the `RUSTFLAGS` environment variable:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
RUSTFLAGS='--cfg getrandom_backend="linux_getrandom"' cargo build
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Enabling an opt-in backend will replace the backend used by default. Doing this for
|
|||
|
|
an incorrect target (e.g. using `linux_getrandom` while compiling for a Windows target)
|
|||
|
|
will result in a compilation error. Be extremely careful while using opt-in backends,
|
|||
|
|
as incorrect configuration may result in vulnerable applications or applications
|
|||
|
|
that always panic.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note that using an opt-in backend in a library (e.g. for tests or benchmarks)
|
|||
|
|
WILL NOT have any effect on its downstream users.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[`.cargo/config.toml`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/config.html
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Raw Linux syscall support
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Currently the `linux_raw` backend supports only targets with stabilized `asm!` macro,
|
|||
|
|
i.e. `arm`, `aarch64`, `loongarch64`, `riscv32`, `riscv64`, `s390x`, `x86`, and `x86_64`.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Note that the raw syscall backend may be slower than backends based on `libc::getrandom`,
|
|||
|
|
e.g. it does not implement vDSO optimizations and on `x86` it uses the infamously slow
|
|||
|
|
`int 0x80` instruction to perform syscall.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### WebAssembly support
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This crate fully supports the [WASI] and [Emscripten] targets. However,
|
|||
|
|
the `wasm32-unknown-unknown` target (i.e. the target used by `wasm-pack`)
|
|||
|
|
is not automatically supported since, from the target name alone, we cannot deduce
|
|||
|
|
which JavaScript interface should be used (or if JavaScript is available at all).
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
We do not include support for this target in the default configuration because
|
|||
|
|
our JS backend (supporting web browsers, web workers and Node.js v19 or later)
|
|||
|
|
requires [`wasm-bindgen`], **bloating `Cargo.lock`** and
|
|||
|
|
**potentially breaking builds** on non-web WASM platforms.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
To enable `getrandom`'s functionality on `wasm32-unknown-unknown` using the Web
|
|||
|
|
Crypto methods [described above][opt-in] via [`wasm-bindgen`], enable the
|
|||
|
|
`wasm_js` feature flag. Setting `RUSTFLAGS='--cfg getrandom_backend="wasm_js"'`
|
|||
|
|
is allowed but is no longer required and does nothing (it was required in a
|
|||
|
|
prior version of this crate).
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
WARNING: enabling the `wasm_js` feature will bloat `Cargo.lock` on all platforms
|
|||
|
|
(where [`wasm-bindgen`] is not an existing dependency) and is known to cause
|
|||
|
|
build issues on some non-web WASM platforms, even when a different backend is
|
|||
|
|
selected via `getrandom_backend`.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Custom backend
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
If this crate does not support your target out of the box or you have to use
|
|||
|
|
a non-default entropy source, then you can provide a custom implementation.
|
|||
|
|
You need to enable the custom backend as described in the
|
|||
|
|
[opt-in backends][opt-in] section.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Next, you need to define an `extern` function with the following signature:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```rust
|
|||
|
|
use getrandom::Error;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#[no_mangle]
|
|||
|
|
unsafe extern "Rust" fn __getrandom_v03_custom(
|
|||
|
|
dest: *mut u8,
|
|||
|
|
len: usize,
|
|||
|
|
) -> Result<(), Error> {
|
|||
|
|
todo!()
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This function should, ideally, be defined in the root crate of your project,
|
|||
|
|
e.g. in your `main.rs`. This function MUST be defined only once for your
|
|||
|
|
project, i.e. upstream library crates SHOULD NOT define it outside of
|
|||
|
|
tests and benchmarks. Improper configuration of this backend may result
|
|||
|
|
in linking errors.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
The function accepts a pointer to a buffer that should be filled with random
|
|||
|
|
data and its length in bytes. Note that the buffer MAY be uninitialized.
|
|||
|
|
On success, the function should return `Ok(())` and fully fill the input buffer;
|
|||
|
|
otherwise, it should return an error value.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
While wrapping functions which work with byte slices you should fully initialize
|
|||
|
|
the buffer before passing it to the function:
|
|||
|
|
```rust
|
|||
|
|
use getrandom::Error;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fn my_entropy_source(buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), getrandom::Error> {
|
|||
|
|
// ...
|
|||
|
|
Ok(())
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#[no_mangle]
|
|||
|
|
unsafe extern "Rust" fn __getrandom_v03_custom(
|
|||
|
|
dest: *mut u8,
|
|||
|
|
len: usize,
|
|||
|
|
) -> Result<(), Error> {
|
|||
|
|
let buf = unsafe {
|
|||
|
|
// fill the buffer with zeros
|
|||
|
|
core::ptr::write_bytes(dest, 0, len);
|
|||
|
|
// create mutable byte slice
|
|||
|
|
core::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(dest, len)
|
|||
|
|
};
|
|||
|
|
my_entropy_source(buf)
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Unsupported backend
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
In some rare scenarios, you might be compiling this crate for an unsupported
|
|||
|
|
target (e.g. `wasm32-unknown-unknown`), but this crate's functionality
|
|||
|
|
is not actually used by your code. If you are confident that `getrandom` is
|
|||
|
|
not used in your project, but it gets pulled nevertheless by one of your
|
|||
|
|
dependencies, then you can enable the `unsupported` backend, which always
|
|||
|
|
returns `Err(Error::UNSUPPORTED)`.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Platform Support
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This crate generally supports the same operating system and platform versions
|
|||
|
|
that the Rust standard library does. Additional targets may be supported using
|
|||
|
|
the opt-in custom backend.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This means that as Rust drops support for old versions of operating systems
|
|||
|
|
(such as old Linux kernel versions, Android API levels, etc.) in stable releases,
|
|||
|
|
`getrandom` may create new patch releases that remove support for
|
|||
|
|
outdated platform versions.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### `/dev/urandom` fallback on Linux and Android
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On Linux targets, the `/dev/urandom` fallback is present only if either `target_env`
|
|||
|
|
is `musl`, or `target_arch` is one of the following: `aarch64`, `arm`, `powerpc`,
|
|||
|
|
`powerpc64`, `s390x`, `x86`, `x86_64`. Other supported targets [require][platform-support]
|
|||
|
|
kernel versions that support the `getrandom` system call, so the fallback is not needed.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On Android targets the fallback is present only for the following `target_arch`es:
|
|||
|
|
`aarch64`, `arm`, `x86`, `x86_64`. Other `target_arch`es (e.g. RISC-V) require
|
|||
|
|
sufficiently high API levels.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
The fallback can be disabled by enabling the `linux_getrandom` opt-in backend.
|
|||
|
|
Note that doing so will bump minimum supported Linux kernel version to 3.17
|
|||
|
|
and Android API level to 23 (Marshmallow).
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Early boot
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Sometimes, early in the boot process, the OS has not collected enough
|
|||
|
|
entropy to securely seed its RNG. This is especially common on virtual
|
|||
|
|
machines, where standard "random" events are hard to come by.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Some operating system interfaces always block until the RNG is securely
|
|||
|
|
seeded. This can take anywhere from a few seconds to more than a minute.
|
|||
|
|
A few (Linux, NetBSD and Solaris) offer a choice between blocking and
|
|||
|
|
getting an error; in these cases, we always choose to block.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On Linux (when the `getrandom` system call is not available), reading from
|
|||
|
|
`/dev/urandom` never blocks, even when the OS hasn't collected enough
|
|||
|
|
entropy yet. To avoid returning low-entropy bytes, we first poll
|
|||
|
|
`/dev/random` and only switch to `/dev/urandom` once this has succeeded.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On OpenBSD, this kind of entropy accounting isn't available, and on
|
|||
|
|
NetBSD, blocking on it is discouraged. On these platforms, nonblocking
|
|||
|
|
interfaces are used, even when reliable entropy may not be available.
|
|||
|
|
On the platforms where it is used, the reliability of entropy accounting
|
|||
|
|
itself isn't free from controversy. This library provides randomness
|
|||
|
|
sourced according to the platform's best practices, but each platform has
|
|||
|
|
its own limits on the grade of randomness it can promise in environments
|
|||
|
|
with few sources of entropy.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On ESP-IDF, if `esp_fill_random` is used before enabling WiFi, BT, or the
|
|||
|
|
voltage noise entropy source (SAR ADC), the Hardware RNG will only be seeded
|
|||
|
|
via RC_FAST_CLK. This can occur during early boot unless
|
|||
|
|
`bootloader_random_enable()` is called. For more information see the
|
|||
|
|
[ESP-IDF RNG Docs][esp-idf-rng] or the
|
|||
|
|
[RNG section of the ESP32 Technical Reference Manual][esp-trng-docs].
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Error handling
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
We always prioritize failure over returning known insecure "random" bytes.
|
|||
|
|
Generally, on supported platforms, failure is highly unlikely, though not
|
|||
|
|
impossible. If an error does occur, it is likely that it will occur
|
|||
|
|
on every call to `getrandom`. Therefore, after the first successful call,
|
|||
|
|
one can be reasonably confident that no errors will occur.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Panic handling
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
We strive to eliminate all potential panics from our backend implementations.
|
|||
|
|
In other words, when compiled with optimizations enabled, the generated
|
|||
|
|
binary code for `getrandom` functions should not contain any panic branches.
|
|||
|
|
Even if the platform misbehaves and returns an unexpected result,
|
|||
|
|
our code should correctly handle it and return an error, e.g.
|
|||
|
|
[`Error::UNEXPECTED`].
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Sanitizer support
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
If your code uses [`fill_uninit`] and you enable
|
|||
|
|
[MemorySanitizer](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/unstable-book/compiler-flags/sanitizer.html#memorysanitizer)
|
|||
|
|
(i.e. `-Zsanitizer=memory`), we will automatically handle unpoisoning
|
|||
|
|
of the destination buffer filled by `fill_uninit`.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
You can run sanitizer tests for your crate dependent on `getrandom` like this:
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
RUSTFLAGS="-Zsanitizer=memory" cargo test -Zbuild-std --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Minimum Supported Rust Version
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This crate requires Rust 1.63 or later.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## License
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
The `getrandom` library is distributed under either of
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* [Apache License, Version 2.0][LICENSE-APACHE]
|
|||
|
|
* [MIT license][LICENSE-MIT]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
at your option.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Contribution
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
|
|||
|
|
for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
|
|||
|
|
dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[//]: # (badges)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[GitHub Actions]: https://github.com/rust-random/getrandom/actions?query=branch:master
|
|||
|
|
[Build Status]: https://github.com/rust-random/getrandom/actions/workflows/tests.yml/badge.svg?branch=master
|
|||
|
|
[crates.io]: https://crates.io/crates/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[Crate]: https://img.shields.io/crates/v/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[docs.rs]: https://docs.rs/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[Documentation]: https://docs.rs/getrandom/badge.svg
|
|||
|
|
[deps.rs]: https://deps.rs/repo/github/rust-random/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[Dependency Status]: https://deps.rs/repo/github/rust-random/getrandom/status.svg
|
|||
|
|
[Downloads]: https://img.shields.io/crates/d/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[License]: https://img.shields.io/crates/l/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[//]: # (supported targets)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[1]: https://manned.org/getrandom.2
|
|||
|
|
[2]: https://manned.org/urandom.4
|
|||
|
|
[3]: https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/2/getentropy/
|
|||
|
|
[4]: https://www.unix.com/man-page/mojave/4/urandom/
|
|||
|
|
[5]: https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getrandom&manpath=FreeBSD+12.0-stable
|
|||
|
|
[7]: https://man.openbsd.org/getentropy.2
|
|||
|
|
[8]: https://man.netbsd.org/sysctl.7
|
|||
|
|
[9]: https://leaf.dragonflybsd.org/cgi/web-man?command=getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[11]: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E88353_01/html/E37841/getrandom-2.html
|
|||
|
|
[12]: https://illumos.org/man/2/getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[13]: https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/pull/12240
|
|||
|
|
[14]: https://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/7.1/index.html#com.qnx.doc.neutrino.utilities/topic/r/random.html
|
|||
|
|
[15]: https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/aix/7.3?topic=files-random-urandom-devices
|
|||
|
|
[16]: https://man.netbsd.org/getrandom.2
|
|||
|
|
[17]: https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_mono/libc.html#index-getrandom
|
|||
|
|
[18]: https://github.com/rust3ds/shim-3ds/commit/b01d2568836dea2a65d05d662f8e5f805c64389d
|
|||
|
|
[19]: https://github.com/vitasdk/newlib/blob/2d869fe47aaf02b8e52d04e9a2b79d5b210fd016/newlib/libc/sys/vita/getentropy.c
|
|||
|
|
[20]: https://github.com/cygwin/cygwin/blob/main/winsup/cygwin/libc/getentropy.cc
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[`ProcessPrng`]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/seccng/processprng
|
|||
|
|
[`RtlGenRandom`]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/ntsecapi/nf-ntsecapi-rtlgenrandom
|
|||
|
|
[`Crypto.getRandomValues`]: https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#Crypto-method-getRandomValues
|
|||
|
|
[`RDRAND`]: https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-digital-random-number-generator-drng-software-implementation-guide
|
|||
|
|
[`RNDR`]: https://developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0601/2024-06/AArch64-Registers/RNDR--Random-Number
|
|||
|
|
[`CCRandomGenerateBytes`]: https://opensource.apple.com/source/CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto-60074/include/CommonRandom.h.auto.html
|
|||
|
|
[`cprng_draw`]: https://fuchsia.dev/fuchsia-src/zircon/syscalls/cprng_draw
|
|||
|
|
[`esp_fill_random`]: https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-reference/system/random.html#functions
|
|||
|
|
[esp-idf-rng]: https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-reference/system/random.html
|
|||
|
|
[esp-trng-docs]: https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32_technical_reference_manual_en.pdf#rng
|
|||
|
|
[`EFI_RNG_PROTOCOL`]: https://uefi.org/specs/UEFI/2.10/37_Secure_Technologies.html#efi-rng-protocol
|
|||
|
|
[`random_get`]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/WASI/blob/snapshot-01/phases/snapshot/docs.md#-random_getbuf-pointeru8-buf_len-size---errno
|
|||
|
|
[`get-random-u64`]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/WASI/blob/v0.2.1/wasip2/random/random.wit#L23-L28
|
|||
|
|
[configuration flags]: #configuration-flags
|
|||
|
|
[custom backend]: #custom-backend
|
|||
|
|
[unsupported backend]: #unsupported-backend
|
|||
|
|
[`wasm-bindgen`]: https://github.com/rustwasm/wasm-bindgen
|
|||
|
|
[`module`]: https://rustwasm.github.io/wasm-bindgen/reference/attributes/on-js-imports/module.html
|
|||
|
|
[`sys_read_entropy`]: https://github.com/hermit-os/kernel/blob/315f58ff5efc81d9bf0618af85a59963ff55f8b1/src/syscalls/entropy.rs#L47-L55
|
|||
|
|
[platform-support]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rustc/platform-support.html
|
|||
|
|
[WASI]: https://github.com/WebAssembly/WASI
|
|||
|
|
[Emscripten]: https://emscripten.org
|
|||
|
|
[opt-in]: #opt-in-backends
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[//]: # (licenses)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[LICENSE-APACHE]: https://github.com/rust-random/getrandom/blob/master/LICENSE-APACHE
|
|||
|
|
[LICENSE-MIT]: https://github.com/rust-random/getrandom/blob/master/LICENSE-MIT
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[`Error::UNEXPECTED`]: https://docs.rs/getrandom/latest/getrandom/struct.Error.html#associatedconstant.UNEXPECTED
|
|||
|
|
[`fill_uninit`]: https://docs.rs/getrandom/latest/getrandom/fn.fill_uninit.html
|
|||
|
|
Á %https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.icoÁ„ð 9https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.pngÁlŸ ,4567íJK _KK ¥JK ÑÛ �IK } 3ŠK�K�Kœ°ˆK´Ê}Kdã Dç 8Zt–L¦ ) x jÚL± * x k…Tè r xLñ ,õ }~{|À % × 5 ` „#L/TÇ ¹
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
ä– üØ 9 6 This target/platform is not supported by `getrandom`.Á\ ¹ü•
|
|||
|
|
# üÐ @ = The platform-specific `errno` returned a non-positive value.Á”Ÿ
|
|||
|
|
¹Ü§ üÖ
|
|||
|
|
L I Encountered an unexpected situation which should not happen in practice.ÁT± ¹ü› t¡ â ôŒd’ â üÀ; ú uefiÁ”Ž¤�ü„ œÎ â ¹
|
|||
|
|
Ùu$âü² / üßB ? Extract the raw OS error code (if this error came from the OS)Á ¦ú ü®M J This method is identical to [`std::io::Error::raw_os_error()`][1], exceptÁ ü€K H that it works in `no_std` contexts. On most targets this method returnsÁ üÐO L `Option<i32>`, but some platforms (e.g. UEFI) may use a different primitiveÁ ü¤Q N type like `usize`. Consult with the [`RawOsError`] docs for more information.Á úú ü‚M J If this method returns `None`, the error value can still be formatted viaÁ üÔ! the `Display` implementation.Á úú ü‚O L [1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/struct.Error.html#method.raw_os_errorÁ üÖI F [`RawOsError`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/type.RawOsError.htmlÁd¹ ¹Ë8
|
|||
|
|
”:üð(( üž(M J Creates a new instance of an `Error` from a particular custom error code.ÁTý( …m¹
|
|||
|
|
¹Ó<üÓ+1dç+ …m¹ ôl¹þ?üï-/lò- ‰ ‰¹ ۼݼ޼© ß¼ à¼ÛἈ cSñŸ«‡zÙ €.
|
|||
|
|
$�.Ìä; ¹ Àc ü„<8 ‡< Š ‹ Œ Š¹ ‹ c c ˆ ¢cµ
|
|||
|
|
` £cŠ@ ` àB¤GS
|
|||
|
|
ŒÖ¿Ù¿ Ú¿« Û¿ˆ Ü¿ Ý¿Þ¿ˆ ‚†f|Â
|
|||
|
|
�ŸÈŸÈ È� O˜éBL ‹<
|
|||
|
|
$Œ<± ’<ÜÎ@ ¹ Åc üð@8 ó@ � Ž � �¹ Ž c c ˆ ¢cµ
|
|||
|
|
` £cŠ@ ` àB¤GS
|
|||
|
|
�’ì ÷@
|
|||
|
|
$ø@± þ@Dü $€ !#%')*+�, } 3¥\7 ÑÛ µ D “ ž,I ‰f dK$+„2?.0 "ü°P¬¾ � �¶… �å„ ¥ Þ Íìæ„ Ô
|
|||
|
|
æ„ž’B ü¼I´Ã ‘ ‘˜ ‘�F á
|
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1 •A `ü« ¹ œ½-YüŸ1 üÓS P Fill `dest` with random bytes from the system's preferred random number source.Á § ú ü« N K This function returns an error on any failure, including partial reads. WeÁ üú N K make no guarantees regarding the contents of `dest` on error. If `dest` isÁ üÉ
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J G empty, `getrandom` immediately returns success, making no calls to theÁ ü” underlying operating system.Á µ ú ü¹ O L Blocking is possible, at least during early boot; see module documentation.Á ‰ ú ü� M J In general, `getrandom` will be fast enough for interactive usage, thoughÁ üÛ J G significantly slower than a user-space CSPRNG; for the latter considerÁ ü¦
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# ExamplesÁ ƒú <‡ ```Á ü�1 . # fn main() -> Result<(), getrandom::Error> {Á äÁ let mut buf = [0u8; 32];Á üÞ getrandom::fill(&mut buf)?;Á tþ # Ok(()) }Á <�÷ý$¦ – –�FÏ ±
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4 ùUø[ü´L ü½G D Fill potentially uninitialized buffer `dest` with random bytes fromÁ ü…D A the system's preferred random number source and return a mutableÁ ìÊ reference to those bytes.Á èú üìJ G On successful completion this function is guaranteed to return a sliceÁ ü·F C which points to the same memory as `dest` and has the same length.Á üþH E In other words, it's safe to assume that `dest` is initialized afterÁ üÇ$ ! this function has returned `Ok`.Á ìú üðJ G No part of `dest` will ever be de-initialized at any point, regardlessÁ Ä» of what is returned.Á Ôú tØÔý çú lë
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```ignoreÁ üù> ; # // We ignore this test since `uninit_array` is unstable.Á ü¸* ' #![feature(maybe_uninit_uninit_array)]Á üã1ˆþ ü•A > let mut buf = core::mem::MaybeUninit::uninit_array::<1024>();Á ü×; 8 let buf: &mut [u8] = getrandom::fill_uninit(&mut buf)?;Á t“�ÿ <¢÷ý\» — —˜Ö¿Ù¿ Ú¿« Û¿ˆ Ü¿ Ý¿Þ¿ˆ ‚†f|Â
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5 ùU`ü¼ " üÝF C Get random `u32` from the system's preferred random number source.Á ¤ ú t¨ Ôý · ú <» ÷ý üà 1ˆþ üõ % " let rng_seed = getrandom::u32()?;Á t› �ÿ <ª ÷ý à ù—
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6 üÝ " üþ F C Get random `u64` from the system's preferred random number source.Á Å ú tÉ Ôý Ø ú <Ü ÷ý üä 1ˆþ ü– % " let rng_seed = getrandom::u64()?;Á t¼ �ÿ <Ë ÷ý ä ‚«
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